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900000000000490003: Description inactivation indicator attribute value reference set (foundation metadata concept)


Status: current, Not sufficiently defined by necessary conditions definition status (core metadata concept). Date: 31-Jan 2002. Module: SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)

Descriptions:

Id Description Lang Type Status Case? Module
900000000001069012 Description inactivation indicator attribute value reference set en Synonym (core metadata concept) Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001070013 Description inactivation indicator reference set en Synonym (core metadata concept) Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001071012 Description inactivation indicator attribute value reference set (foundation metadata concept) en Fully specified name Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)


487865 members. Search Members:

Expanded Value Set


Outbound Relationships Type Target Active Characteristic Refinability Group Values
Description inactivation indicator reference set Is a Attribute value type true Inferred relationship Some

Members valueId
A Concept non-current
A & E doctor Nonconformance to editorial policy component (foundation metadata concept)
A (tumor staging) Concept non-current
A 1 to 5 cm firm lesion raised above the surface of the surrounding skin; differs from a papule only in size Erroneous component (foundation metadata concept)
A anterior or forward torsion of the sacrum to the left on the left oblique axis. Grammatical description error (foundation metadata concept)
A basal ganglia disorder with manifestation of parkinsonian-type symptoms (postural changes, tremor, rigidity), megalencephaly and variable intellectual deficit. Other signs are frontal bossing, persistent frontal lobe reflexes, strabismus and seizures. It has been described in three generations of one family. Transmission is X-linked, and the gene is located on chromosomal region Xq27.3-qter. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex characterised by generalised severe blistering with widespread congenital absence of skin and pyloric atresia. Prevalence is unknown, but at least 12 families have been reported to date. Onset is at birth and babies are usually born prematurely with a low weight and poor general condition. Most cases are due to mutations in the PLEC gene (8q24) encoding the plectin 1 protein. Transmission is autosomal recessive. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex characterized by generalized severe blistering with widespread congenital absence of skin and pyloric atresia. Prevalence is unknown, but at least 12 families have been reported to date. Onset is at birth and babies are usually born prematurely with a low weight and poor general condition. Most cases are due to mutations in the PLEC gene (8q24) encoding the plectin 1 protein. Transmission is autosomal recessive. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A basal subtype of epidermolysis bullosa simplex with manifestation of belt-like areas of erythema with multiple vesicles and small blisters at the advancing edge of erythema. Prevalence is unknown but 2 families have been reported to date. Onset of the disease is usually at birth. The lesions occur on the limbs and trunk and heal with brown pigmentation but no scarring. Extracutaneous involvement is absent. The disease is due to a specific mutation in the KRT5 (12q13.13) gene, encoding keratin 5. Transmission is autosomal dominant. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A benign autosomal dominant form of slowly progressive muscular dystrophy. To date, fewer than 100 cases have been reported in the literature, thus illustrating its rarity. The clinical features do not differ markedly from those of other mild forms of progressive muscular dystrophy with the exception of finger contractures that are sometimes suggestive of the diagnosis. Creatine kinase levels and histological findings are not conclusive. Mutations in one of the three subunits of collagen VI are responsible for the disease. Molecular studies are however hampered by the size and expression pattern of the genes. Treatment remains purely supportive. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A benign form of holoprosencephaly with characteristics of midline defects without the typical holoprosencephaly defect in brain cleavage and which can variably manifest with microcephaly, hypotelorism, midline cleft lip and/or flat nose, choanal stenosis, pyriform sinus stenosis, coloboma as well as a single median maxillary incisor. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A benign genetic condition with characteristic of persistence of high alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels throughout life, with no associated clinical disability and thus no need for specific therapy. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A benign or malignant neoplasm arising primarily in the inner lining, muscle layer, or the surrounding pericardium of the heart. They can be primary or metastatic. Primary cardiac neoplasms are rare in children. The vast majority of primary cardiac neoplasms in children are benign, whilst approximately 10% are malignant. In contrast, the majority of secondary neoplasms are malignant. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A body cavity route that begins within the peritoneal cavity and that has the propensity for absorption via the peritoneal membrane. Nonconformance to editorial policy component (foundation metadata concept)
A bone dysplasia with manifestation of bone fragility, frequent bone fractures at a young age, cemento-osseous lesions of the jaw bones, bowing of tubular bones (tibia and fibula) and diaphyseal sclerosis of long bones. Autosomal dominant mode of transmission. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A branchial arch syndrome with characteristics of supernumerary nipples, preauricular appendages and often binocular epibulbar lipodermoids or unilateral subconjunctival lipodermoids. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A cauterisation done with thermal energy. Nonconformance to editorial policy component (foundation metadata concept)
A cauterization done with thermal energy Erroneous component (foundation metadata concept)
A cauterization done with thermal energy. Nonconformance to editorial policy component (foundation metadata concept)
A central nervous system malformation with characteristics of severe intellectual deficit, early hypotonia with progression to spasticity and contractures, choreoathetosis, seizures, dysmorphic face (long face with prominent forehead) and brain imaging abnormalities. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A cerebral cortical malformation with features of unilateral excessive cortical folding and abnormal cortical layering. It comprises two sub-types depending on the areas affected: unilateral hemispheric and focal polymicrogyria. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A chart evaluation performed by a physician Grammatical description error (foundation metadata concept)
A chart-related administrative procedure that checks a chart for completion and accuracy and conformance to chart policy Erroneous component (foundation metadata concept)
A chromosomal anomaly characterised by an intellectual deficiency, progressive microcephaly, seizures, growth delay, distinct facial dysmorphic features and various midline defects including cardiac, corpus callosum, gastro-oesophageal and urogenital anomalies. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A chromosomal anomaly characterised by developmental delay, childhood hypotonia, facial dysmorphism, and friendly/amiable behaviour. Abnormal hair pigmentation and texture is also frequent. Short stature, pectus excavatum, spine anomalies, dislocation of the hip, long slender fingers and slender lower limbs, and positional deformities of the hands/feet have also been reported. In all patients, global psychomotor developmental delay is noted from an early age. The recurrent 17q21.31 deletion encompasses at least six genes: C17orf69, CRHR1, IMP5, MAPT, STH and KIAA1267. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A chromosomal anomaly characterized by an intellectual deficiency, progressive microcephaly, seizures, growth delay, distinct facial dysmorphic features and various midline defects including cardiac, corpus callosum, gastro-esophageal and urogenital anomalies. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A chromosomal anomaly characterized by developmental delay, childhood hypotonia, facial dysmorphism, and friendly/amiable behavior. Abnormal hair pigmentation and texture is also frequent. Short stature, pectus excavatum, spine anomalies, dislocation of the hip, long slender fingers and slender lower limbs, and positional deformities of the hands/feet have also been reported. In all patients, global psychomotor developmental delay is noted from an early age. The recurrent 17q21.31 deletion encompasses at least six genes: C17orf69, CRHR1, IMP5, MAPT, STH and KIAA1267. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A chromosomal anomaly involving terminal deletion of the long arm of chromosome 10 resulting in characteristics of facial dysmorphism, pre and postnatal growth retardation, cardiac and genital anomalies and developmental delay. Prevalence is unknown but around 40 cases have been described in the literature so far. Genital abnormalities have been mostly reported in males, psychomotor retardation (generally described as mild) was present in all reported cases. Distal monosomy 10q results from a subterminal 10q deletion with breakpoints in the 10q25 or 10q26 band leading to partial monosomy for the genes located in this area. Most of the reported cases involved de novo terminal deletions resulting from abnormal non-allelic homolog recombination during meiosis. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A chromosomal anomaly that causes a congenital malformation disorder with common features that includes cardiac defects, palatal anomalies, facial dysmorphism, developmental delay and immune deficiency. The disease has a variable clinical phenotype that ranges from mild to severe. The broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes that the syndrome encompasses was previously divided into distinct syndromes (for example DiGeorge syndrome, velocardiofacial syndrome, cardiofacial syndrome) but are now known to be identical and are referred to as 22q11.2 deletion sydrome. In most cases, the syndrome is due to a 3 million base pair (Mb) deletion on the chromosomal region 22q11.2 that is flanked by low copy number repeats. The deletion is due to a non-allelic meiotic recombination during spermatogenesis or oogenesis. The variable expression of the 22q11.2 phenotype is thought to be due to genetic modifiers on either the other 22q11.2 allele or on other chromosomes. The deletion arises de novo in 90% of the cases. Grammatical description error (foundation metadata concept)
A chromosomal anomaly with characteristics of developmental and language delays, mild intellectual disability, social impairments (autism spectrum disorders), mild variable dysmorphism and predisposition to obesity. The proximal 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome most commonly refers to a distinct deletion of approximately 593 kb at chromosomal coordinates 29.5-30.1 Mb comprising 24 genes. The relationship between genotype and clinical phenotype remains elusive. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A chromosomal anomaly with characteristics of severe developmental delay and/or intellectual disability, typical facial dysmorphic features, brain anomalies, seizures, cleft palate, clubfeet, nail hypoplasia and congenital heart disease. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A chronic multisystem granulomatous inflammatory disease with manifestation of single or multiple soft plaques on various organs of the body. Can occur in all ages, with a mean age at diagnosis of 50 years old and a female predominance. Cases in children are rare. It is most common in immunodeficient patients with a history of diabetes, transplantation, lymphoma, steroid therapy or alcoholism. Seems to be due to an impaired response to bacterial infection. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A chronic neurodegenerative disorder with features of spastic paraparesis (beginning at about 10 years of age) and hearing deficits. It has been described in affecting at least six male members spanning three generations of a large family. Some relatives presented with tremor, cataracts, sensory deficits, short stature, hypogonadism, elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein, and/or absent or prolonged somatosensory evoked potentials. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A chronic type of intestinal failure with characteristics of a nonfunctioning small bowel that may be reversible or irreversible. The body is unable to maintain energy and nutritional needs through absorption of food or nutrients via the intestinal tract despite being metabolically stable. This necessitates long-term parenteral feeding. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A collaborative nutrition counseling activity between the client and the practitioner in which the client decides from all potential activity recommendations what changes he or she will expend effort to implement (Source: International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, edition 4; ISBN #978-0-88091-467-3) Nonconformance to editorial policy component (foundation metadata concept)
A colorless gas with a characteristic foul odor, used as a fuel and shipped as a liquefied compressed gas Concept non-current
A complete system of medical care practiced by physicians with an unlimited license that is represented by a philosophy that combines the needs of the patient with the current practice of medicine, surgery and obstetrics. Emphasizes the interrelationship between structure and function, and has an appreciation of the body’s ability to heal itself. Erroneous component (foundation metadata concept)
A condition characterized by the herniation of the bladder into the vagina due to tearing of the tough fibrous wall between a woman's bladder and her vagina (the pubovesical fascia). Erroneous component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital abnormality in which the eyelids are absent and skin covers the ocular bulb, which is often microphthalmic. Six cases of complete bilateral cryptophthalmia have been described. Transmission is autosomal dominant. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital abnormality of the pituitary that is responsible for pituitary deficiency with usual manifestation of a triad of very thin or interrupted pituitary stalk, an ectopic (or absent) posterior pituitary and hypoplasia or aplasia of the anterior pituitary. In the majority of cases no genetic cause is found, however, the presence of familial forms and the association with microphallus and congenital abnormalities, particularly of the eyes, suggest an antenatal origin. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital condition described by the presence of symmetric or asymmetric angular deformity and shortening of the long bones, particularly the femurs, tibiae and ulnae. Prevalence is unknown. It manifests at radiography as posteromedial bowing with cortical thickening along the concavity of the curvature and, in some cases, diaphyseal broadening. Bowing of the long bones can be detected on antenatal ultrasound screening, but it is a nonspecific sign that can be associated with a variety of conditions, whose recognition is important for differentiating those that will resolve spontaneously from those that require surgery or other treatment. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital cortical development anomaly due to abnormal neuronal migration involving neocortical and hippocampal lamination, corpus callosum, cerebellum and brainstem. A large clinical spectrum can be observed, from children with severe epilepsy and intellectual and motor deficit to cases with severe cerebral dysgenesis in the antenatal period leading to pregnancy termination due to the severity of the prognosis. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital enteropathy presenting with early-onset severe intractable diarrhea sometimes causing irreversible intestinal failure. Infants develop a watery diarrhea within the first days after birth and the diarrhea persists in spite of bowel rest and parenteral nutrition. Some infants are reported to have associated choanal, rectal or esophageal atresia. Autosomal recessive transmission but the causative gene has not been yet identified. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital enteropathy presenting with early-onset severe intractable diarrhoea sometimes causing irreversible intestinal failure. Infants develop a watery diarrhoea within the first days after birth and the diarrhoea persists in spite of bowel rest and parenteral nutrition. Some infants are reported to have associated choanal, rectal or oesophageal atresia. Autosomal recessive transmission but the causative gene has not been yet identified. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital heart malformation characterised by an atrial septal defect, clefts of mitral and occasionally tricuspid valves, two separate atrioventricular valve annuli and an intact ventricular septum. The typical symptoms are impaired exercise capacity and exertional dyspnoea. The age of onset is variable, but clinical features may not appear until later in life. In contrast to the complete form, patients with partial atrioventricular canal have two separate AV valves, (resulting from fusion of the superior and inferior bridging leaflets), and no large intraventricular communication. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital heart malformation characterized by an atrial septal defect, clefts of mitral and occasionally tricuspid valves, two separate atrioventricular valve annuli and an intact ventricular septum. The typical symptoms are impaired exercise capacity and exertional dyspnea. The age of onset is variable, but clinical features may not appear until later in life. In contrast to the complete form, patients with partial atrioventricular canal have two separate AV valves, (resulting from fusion of the superior and inferior bridging leaflets), and no large intraventricular communication. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital malformation characterised by an abnormal posterior sagittal communication between the larynx and the pharynx, possibly extending downward between the trachea and the oesophagus. Five types of laryngo-tracheo-oesophageal cleft have been described based on the downward extension of the cleft. The disorder is often associated with other congenital abnormalities. Laryngeal clefts result from failure of fusion of the posterior cricoid lamina and abnormal development of the tracheo-oesophageal septum. The disorder appears to be mostly sporadic although some familial cases with suspected autosomal dominant transmission have been reported. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital malformation characterized by an abnormal posterior sagittal communication between the larynx and the pharynx, possibly extending downward between the trachea and the esophagus. Five types of laryngo-tracheo-esophageal cleft have been described based on the downward extension of the cleft. The disorder is often associated with other congenital abnormalities. Laryngeal clefts result from failure of fusion of the posterior cricoid lamina and abnormal development of the tracheo-esophageal septum. The disorder appears to be mostly sporadic although some familial cases with suspected autosomal dominant transmission have been reported. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital malformation with apparent shortness (or absence) of the middle phalanges of all digits and occasional fusion with the terminal phalanges. The proximal phalanges of the thumbs and big toes are short. Tendency to be of short stature in adulthood. Inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A congenital syndromic form of split-hand/foot malformation with features of microcephaly, microphthalmia, ectrodactyly of the lower limbs and prognathism. Intellectual deficit has been reported. MMEP syndrome is considered to be a very rare condition. Disruption of the sorting nexin 3 gene (SNX3; 6q21) has been shown to play a causative role in MMEP. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A construction of a pouch, achieved by resecting the anterior wall of a cyst or other enclosed cavity and suturing the cut edges of the remaining wall to adjacent edges of skin Erroneous component (foundation metadata concept)
A construction of an abnormal passage between a cavity or hollow organ and the surface of the body Nonconformance to editorial policy component (foundation metadata concept)
A cutaneous disorder with characteristics of the presence of several café-au-lait (CAL) macules without any other manifestations of neurofibromatosis or any other systemic disorder. Prevalence is unknown, but the disease appears to be extremely rare. The macules may appear in infancy, but usually they are detected after 2 years of age. Close linkage to the NF1 gene (17q11.2) has been reported in some cases. Transmission is autosomal dominant. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A decrease in lower leg circumference due to recurrent ulceration and fat necrosis causing loss of subcutaneous tissue in a patient with venous stasis disease Nonconformance to editorial policy component (foundation metadata concept)
A destruction of tissue by burning or searing with a thermal instrument, an electric current, or a caustic substance Grammatical description error (foundation metadata concept)
A developmental anomaly syndrome that resembles aminopterin embryopathy without history of exposure in utero to aminopterin. Main features include craniosynostosis, dysmorphic features including ocular hypertelorism, palpebral fissure anomalies, micrognathia cleft lip and/or high arched palate and small and low set/rotated ears.Limb anomalies include brachydactyly, syndactyly and clinodactyly. Also associated with mild-to-moderate intellectual deficit and short stature. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A developmental defect with manifestation of variable intramembranous ossification defects of the parietal bones, which is asymptomatic, symptomatic or associated with other pathologies. A congenital disorder caused by insufficient ossification around the parietal notch. In most cases this results from heterozygous loss of function mutations in human homeobox genes, MSX2 (5q35.2) and ALX4 (11p11.2), which encode transcription factors involved in skeletal development. Transmission is autosomal dominant with high but incomplete penetrance. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A developmental disorder characterized by keratotic papules of skin of hands and soles with disorganization of dermal elastic fibers that does not appear to be due to trauma or sunlight Erroneous component (foundation metadata concept)
A developmental disorder of the eye with manifestation of unilateral or bilateral microphthalmia associated with ocular coloboma. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A diet composed of foods and/or fluids which are in a liquid state. (Source: Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Nutrition Informatics Committee 2013) Erroneous component (foundation metadata concept)
A diet which meets current professional recommendations of a healthy eating pattern. (Source: Nutrition Care Manual, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2013) Nonconformance to editorial policy component (foundation metadata concept)
A diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma with manifestation of honeycomb palmoplantar hyperkeratosis associated with pseudoainhum of the fifth digit of the hand, ichthyosis and deafness.Follows an autosomal dominant mode of transmission. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A digestive tract route that begins in the intestine (from the duodenum through the colon). Concept non-current
A directive, client-centered nutrition counseling style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence (Source: International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, edition 4; ISBN #978-0-88091-467-3) Nonconformance to editorial policy component (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder belonging to the group of oromandibular-limb hypogenesis syndromes with the presence of an intraoral band of variable thickness attaching the tongue to the hard palate or maxillary alveolar ridge. The syndrome is very rare with less than 30 cases reported in the literature so far. Associated anomalies include cleft palate (in which case the tongue may be attached to the nasal septum), mandibular hypoplasia, upper-lip hypoplasia, hypodontia and variable limb anomalies (oligodactyly, syndactyly and polydactyly as well as more severe limb malformations). The syndrome appears to be sporadic. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder characterised by recurrent seizures. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder characterized by recurrent seizures Erroneous component (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A distal limb malformation with manifestation of complete or partial webbing between the third and fourth fingers and/or the second and third toes. Other digits may be involved occasionally. The phenotype varies widely within and between families, sometimes only the hands are affected and sometimes only the feet. Webbing between fingers may be associated with bony fusion of the distal phalanges. Inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A distinct syndromic type of frontonasal malformation with characteristics of hypertelorism, wide nasal bridge, broad columella, widened philtrum, widely separated narrow nares, poor development of nasal tip, midline notch of the upper alveolus, columella base swellings and a low hairline. Additional features reported in some include upper eyelid ptosis and midline dermoid cysts of craniofacial structures and philtral pits or rugose folding behind the ears. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A dose form that is an assembly of components for intrauterine delivery driven by external forces. Concept non-current
A dose form that is an assembly of components for transdermal delivery driven by external forces. Concept non-current
A faint Concept non-current
A familial form of essential thrombocythaemia, a myeloproliferative disorder characterised by a sustained elevation of platelet number with a tendency for thrombosis and haemorrhage. Patients commonly manifest microcirculatory disturbances or vaso-motor events. The disease is less frequently associated with an increased risk of haemorrhage, mild splenomegaly, and progression towards myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia or transformation to leukaemia. The genetic cause of the inherited predisposition is not known. Transmission appears to be autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance. Concept non-current
A familial form of essential thrombocythemia, a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by a sustained elevation of platelet number with a tendency for thrombosis and hemorrhage. Patients commonly manifest microcirculatory disturbances or vaso-motor events. The disease is less frequently associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage, mild splenomegaly, and progression towards myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia or transformation to leukemia. The genetic cause of the inherited predisposition is not known. Transmission appears to be autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance. Concept non-current
A familial predisposition for developing bilateral and multifocal type 1 papillary renal carcinoma. Transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait with reduced penetrance, the syndrome is associated with germline mutations in the MET proto-oncogene (7q31). Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A finding of decreased blood pressure; not necessarily hypotensive disorder Nonconformance to editorial policy component (foundation metadata concept)
A finding of increased blood pressure; not necessarily hypertensive disorder Grammatical description error (foundation metadata concept)
A first aid technique to unblock the airway in cases of choking. when abdominal thrusts would be dangerous (such as in infants) or impossible (such as in pregnant women). In a chest thrust, the first-aider places a fist in the other hand, and, pressing against the victim’s lower breastbone, thrusts the chest wall inwards up to five times. The pressure simulates the coughing reflex and may expel the obstruction. Erroneous component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), with characteristic of spontaneous dissection of medium-sized arteries during young adulthood including mainly the iliac, femoral and renal arteries. Concept non-current
A form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome that affects the soft connective tissue and is characterised by skin hyperextensibility, widened atrophic scars and joint hypermobility. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome that affects the soft connective tissue and is characterized by skin hyperextensibility, widened atrophic scars and joint hypermobility. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with characteristics of hypotonia, kyphoscoliosis at birth and joint hyperextensibility. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of Parkinson disease with age of onset between 21 and 45 years, rigidity, painful cramps followed by tremor, bradykinesia, dystonia, gait complaints, falls and other non-motor symptoms. A slow disease progression and a more pronounced response to dopaminergic therapy are also observed in most forms. The exact aetiology is still unknown. Gene mutations have been implicated in some cases, most cases are sporadic however familial cases have been reported in which an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance has been suggested. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of Parkinson disease with age of onset between 21 and 45 years, rigidity, painful cramps followed by tremor, bradykinesia, dystonia, gait complaints, falls and other non-motor symptoms. A slow disease progression and a more pronounced response to dopaminergic therapy are also observed in most forms. The exact etiology is still unknown. Gene mutations have been implicated in some cases, most cases are sporadic however familial cases have been reported in which an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance has been suggested. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of Parkinson disease with age of onset of more than 50 years, tremor at rest, gait complaints and falls, bradykinesia, rigidity and painful cramps. Patients usually present a low risk of developing non-motor symptoms, dystonia, dyskinesia and levodopa-induced dyskinesia. The exact aetiology is still unknown but mutations in the genes SNCA (4q21.3-q22), LRRK2 (12q12), and VPS35 (16q12) have been implicated in its pathogenesis. Transmission is autosomal dominant. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of Parkinson disease with age of onset of more than 50 years, tremor at rest, gait complaints and falls, bradykinesia, rigidity and painful cramps. Patients usually present a low risk of developing non-motor symptoms, dystonia, dyskinesia and levodopa-induced dyskinesia. The exact etiology is still unknown but mutations in the genes SNCA (4q21.3-q22), LRRK2 (12q12), and VPS35 (16q12) have been implicated in its pathogenesis. Transmission is autosomal dominant. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of T and B cell immunodeficiency with characteristics of recurrent cutaneous viral infections, susceptibility to cancer and elevated serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE). Patients present in childhood with symptoms including atopic dermatitis, severe food and environmental allergies, asthma, recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections including otitis media, recurrent sinusitis, bronchitis and pneumonia, and extensive cutaneous viral and bacterial infections. Caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous deletions and point mutations in the DOCK8 gene (9p24), which leads to an absence of DOCK8 protein in lymphocytes, resulting in low absolute T and B lymphocyte counts, mild-to-moderate eosinophilia and very high levels of serum IgE. Transmission is autosomal recessive. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of arthrogryposis multiplex congenital characterised by congenital immobility of the limbs with fixation of multiple joints and muscle wasting. This condition is caused by neurogenic muscular atrophy. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of arthrogryposis multiplex congenital characterized by congenital immobility of the limbs with fixation of multiple joints and muscle wasting. This condition is caused by neurogenic muscular atrophy. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of autosomal dominant optic atrophy with characteristics of progressive and isolated visual loss in the first decade of life, decreased reflexes in the lower limbs and a mild cerebellar stance. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. A late onset with severe sensory loss associated with distal weakness mainly of the legs and absent or reduced deep tendon reflexes. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. Onset is in the first to sixth decade with a gait anomaly and a leg weakness that reaches the arms secondarily. Tendon reflexes are reduced or absent and after years all patients have a pes cavus. Other signs may be present including hearing loss and postural tremor. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. Presents with a more prominent muscle weakness in lower than upper limbs and frequent postural tremor. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. Relatively late onset papillary abnormalities and deafness in most patients associated with distal weakness and muscle atrophy. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy with distal weakness primarily and predominantly occurring in the upper limbs.Tendon reflexes are absent or reduced in the arms and decreased in the legs. Progression is slow. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy with the association of vocal cord anomalies, impairment of respiratory muscles, sensorineural hearing loss and weakness of hands and feet. Onset is between infancy and the sixth decade. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of beta-thalassaemia characterised by splenomegaly and petechiae, moderate thrombocytopenia, prolonged bleeding time due to platelet dysfunction, reticulocytosis and mild beta-thalassaemia. Prevalence of this form is not known. The disorder is not associated with mutations in the HBB gene (11p15.5), but with mutations in the gene encoding GATA-binding protein-1 (GATA1; Xp11.23) that result in reduced expression of the beta-globin genes. Transmission is X-linked. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of beta-thalassemia characterized by splenomegaly and petechiae, moderate thrombocytopenia, prolonged bleeding time due to platelet dysfunction, reticulocytosis and mild beta-thalassemia. Prevalence of this form is not known. The disorder is not associated with mutations in the HBB gene (11p15.5), but with mutations in the gene encoding GATA-binding protein-1 (GATA1; Xp11.23) that result in reduced expression of the beta-globin genes. Transmission is X-linked. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of cerebral palsy with characteristics of congenital pseudobulbar (suprabulbar) paresis manifesting as selective weakness of the lips, tongue and soft palate, dysphagia, dysphonia, drooling and jaw jerking. Mean age at diagnosis is 6 years. The main clinical features are spasticity and limited movements around the mouth and throat from an early age, and brisk jaw jerks. Most cases are sporadic but several families with more than one affected member have been reported. Inheritance in these families appeared to follow an autosomal dominant pattern with variable expression and penetrance. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)
A form of combined immunodeficiency characterised by recurrent viral, bacterial, mycobacterial and fungal infections from birth, chronic diarrhoea, pneumonia, meningitis, enteritis, gastrointestinal candidiasis, sepsis and otitis media. All patients present with ectodermal dysplasia that is characterised by hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta and leads to the loss of soft dental enamel. In addition, patients present at birth with congenital myopathy, which is characterised by non-progressive generalised muscular dysplasia. Caused by mutations in the ORAI1 and STIM1 genes (12q24 and 11p15.5). Transmission is autosomal recessive. Outdated component (foundation metadata concept)

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