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308490002: Pathological developmental process (qualifier value)


Status: current, Not sufficiently defined by necessary conditions definition status (core metadata concept). Date: 31-Jan 2002. Module: SNOMED CT core

Descriptions:

Id Description Lang Type Status Case? Module
451847013 Pathological developmental process en Synonym (core metadata concept) Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT core
705033019 Pathological developmental process (qualifier value) en Fully specified name Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT core
3858451000005115 patologisk udviklingsproces da Synonym (core metadata concept) Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) Danish module (core metadata concept)


0 descendants.

Expanded Value Set


Outbound Relationships Type Target Active Characteristic Refinability Group Values
Pathological developmental process Is a Pathological process true Inferred relationship Some

Inbound Relationships Type Active Source Characteristic Refinability Group
Spondylocostal dysostosis, hypospadias, intellectual disability syndrome Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
Spondylocostal dysostosis, hypospadias, intellectual disability syndrome Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
Spondylocostal dysostosis, hypospadias, intellectual disability syndrome Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Ocular albinism with congenital sensorineural deafness Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
Ocular albinism with congenital sensorineural deafness Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability syndrome with characteristics of mild to moderate intellectual disability, developmental delay (with speech and language development more severely affected) and facial dysmorphism which typically includes full, arched eyebrows, hypertelorism, down-slanting palpebral fissures, long eyelashes, ptosis, low-set, simple ears, bulbous nasal tip, flat philtrum, wide mouth with downturned corners and thin upper lip and diastema of the teeth. Association with infantile hypotonia, seizures, cryptorchidism in males and congenital abnormalities, including cardiac, cerebral or ocular defects, may be observed. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic disease with characteristics of symmetrical muscular hypertrophy, hepatomegaly, polyhydramnios, macrocephaly and mild delay in motor, speech and language development. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
Incomplete ossification of skull (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Incomplete ossification of ischium Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Incomplete ossification of vertebra (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Incomplete ossification of pubis Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of moderate to severe intellectual disability, congenital aphonia, hearing loss, optic atrophy, retinal dystrophy, broad thumbs and duplicated halluces. Facial dysmorphism (including thick eyebrows, ptosis, long, downslanting palpebral fissures, microstomia, low-set, posteriorly rotated ears) and genital abnormalities are also associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Congenital junctional epidermolysis bullosa-pyloric atresia syndrome Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 4
Complete transposition of great vessels Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare genetic bone development disorder characterized by occipital and parietal bone hypoplasia leading to occipital encephalocele, calvarial mineralization defects, craniosynostosis, radiohumeral fusions, oligodactyly and other skeletal anomalies (arachnodactyly, terminal phalangeal aplasia of the thumbs, bilateral absence of the great toes, pronounced bilateral angulation of femora, shortened limbs, advanced osseous maturation). Fetal death in utero is associated. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous mutation in the CYP26B1 gene on chromosome 2p13. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic bone development disorder characterized by occipital and parietal bone hypoplasia leading to occipital encephalocele, calvarial mineralization defects, craniosynostosis, radiohumeral fusions, oligodactyly and other skeletal anomalies (arachnodactyly, terminal phalangeal aplasia of the thumbs, bilateral absence of the great toes, pronounced bilateral angulation of femora, shortened limbs, advanced osseous maturation). Fetal death in utero is associated. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous mutation in the CYP26B1 gene on chromosome 2p13. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare genetic bone development disorder characterized by occipital and parietal bone hypoplasia leading to occipital encephalocele, calvarial mineralization defects, craniosynostosis, radiohumeral fusions, oligodactyly and other skeletal anomalies (arachnodactyly, terminal phalangeal aplasia of the thumbs, bilateral absence of the great toes, pronounced bilateral angulation of femora, shortened limbs, advanced osseous maturation). Fetal death in utero is associated. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous mutation in the CYP26B1 gene on chromosome 2p13. Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare genetic bone development disorder characterized by occipital and parietal bone hypoplasia leading to occipital encephalocele, calvarial mineralization defects, craniosynostosis, radiohumeral fusions, oligodactyly and other skeletal anomalies (arachnodactyly, terminal phalangeal aplasia of the thumbs, bilateral absence of the great toes, pronounced bilateral angulation of femora, shortened limbs, advanced osseous maturation). Fetal death in utero is associated. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous mutation in the CYP26B1 gene on chromosome 2p13. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 4
A rare non-acquired pituitary hormone deficiency syndrome with characteristics of severe congenital microcephaly, facial dysmorphism (highly arched eyebrows, hypertelorism, convex nasal ridge, protruding ears with underdeveloped superior antihelix crus, micrognathia), bilateral sensorineural deafness and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, in association with early feeding problems, myopia, moderate intellectual disability and moderate short stature. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare non-acquired pituitary hormone deficiency syndrome with characteristics of severe congenital microcephaly, facial dysmorphism (highly arched eyebrows, hypertelorism, convex nasal ridge, protruding ears with underdeveloped superior antihelix crus, micrognathia), bilateral sensorineural deafness and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, in association with early feeding problems, myopia, moderate intellectual disability and moderate short stature. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome with characteristics of hypertelorism, bilateral preauricular sinus, bilateral punctal pits, lacrimal duct obstruction, hearing loss, abnormal palmar flexion creases and bilateral distal axial triradii. Shawl scrotum has also been reported. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis syndrome with characteristics of hypertelorism, bilateral preauricular sinus, bilateral punctal pits, lacrimal duct obstruction, hearing loss, abnormal palmar flexion creases and bilateral distal axial triradii. Shawl scrotum has also been reported. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare hereditary syndromic intellectual disability characterized by cognitive impairment, behavioral and psychiatric problems, recurrent infections, atopic diseases and distinctive facial features in males. Females are clinically asymptomatic or mildly affected presenting mild learning difficulties and facial dysmorphism. Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare potentially fatal genetic visceral malformation syndrome characterized by neonatal diabetes, hypoplastic or annular pancreas, duodenal and jejunal atresia as well as gallbladder aplasia or hypoplasia. Patients typically present intrauterine growth restriction, failure to thrive, malnutrition, intestinal malrotation, malabsorption, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, acholia and infections. Cardiac anomalies may also be associated. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the RFX6 gene on chromosome 6q22. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare potentially fatal genetic visceral malformation syndrome characterized by neonatal diabetes, hypoplastic or annular pancreas, duodenal and jejunal atresia as well as gallbladder aplasia or hypoplasia. Patients typically present intrauterine growth restriction, failure to thrive, malnutrition, intestinal malrotation, malabsorption, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, acholia and infections. Cardiac anomalies may also be associated. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the RFX6 gene on chromosome 6q22. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare potentially fatal genetic visceral malformation syndrome characterized by neonatal diabetes, hypoplastic or annular pancreas, duodenal and jejunal atresia as well as gallbladder aplasia or hypoplasia. Patients typically present intrauterine growth restriction, failure to thrive, malnutrition, intestinal malrotation, malabsorption, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, acholia and infections. Cardiac anomalies may also be associated. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the RFX6 gene on chromosome 6q22. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Hutchinson's triad Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
Tapered teeth (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
Developmental anomaly of root of tooth (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic syndrome with characteristics of limb shortening and abnormalities of the head, face and external genitalia. Two forms of the syndrome with different patterns of inheritance and variable frequency of clinical signs have been described: a milder autosomal dominant form and a more severe autosomal recessive form. The syndrome has a wide clinical spectrum. Transmission is autosomal dominant or recessive. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 4
A rare genetic syndrome with characteristics of limb shortening and abnormalities of the head, face and external genitalia. Two forms of the syndrome with different patterns of inheritance and variable frequency of clinical signs have been described: a milder autosomal dominant form and a more severe autosomal recessive form. The syndrome has a wide clinical spectrum. Transmission is autosomal dominant or recessive. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
Origin of innominate artery from left side of aortic arch Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
Tuberculate supernumerary tooth Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Left ventricular-right atrial communication Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
Udviklingsabnormitet af tandstørrelse og -form Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Enkelt overtallig tand Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Intramedullary glomus arteriovenous malformation of spinal cord (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
Intramedullary glomus arteriovenous malformation of spinal cord (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Intramedullary and extramedullary arteriovenous malformation of spinal cord (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Intramedullary and extramedullary arteriovenous malformation of spinal cord (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
Developmental abnormality of cusp of tooth (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Developmental anomaly of crown and root formation Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Temporo-auro-mandibular dysostosis Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 4
Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 4
Developmental anomaly of tooth Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Holoanencephaly (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare genetic dysostosis disorder with characteristics of brachydactyly and other finger/toe anomalies (short and/or wide metacarpals, abnormal or absent metatarsals, broad halluces), carpal synostosis, fused cervical vertebrae, scoliosis and spina bifida occulta. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1984. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic dysostosis disorder with characteristics of brachydactyly and other finger/toe anomalies (short and/or wide metacarpals, abnormal or absent metatarsals, broad halluces), carpal synostosis, fused cervical vertebrae, scoliosis and spina bifida occulta. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1984. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare genetic dysostosis disorder with characteristics of brachydactyly and other finger/toe anomalies (short and/or wide metacarpals, abnormal or absent metatarsals, broad halluces), carpal synostosis, fused cervical vertebrae, scoliosis and spina bifida occulta. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1984. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare genetic syndromic deafness with characteristics of severe to profound, bilateral, sensorineural hearing loss (congenital or rapidly progressive in infancy) associated with a complex brain malformation including hydrocephalus, varying degrees of partial corpus callosum agenesis, colpocephaly, cerebral and cerebellar cortical dysplasia (bilateral medial frontal polymicrogyria, bilateral frontal subcortical heterotopia) and in some, arachnoid cysts. Major physical abnormalities or psychomotor delay are usually not associated. Caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the GPSM2 gene on chromosome 1p13. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Congenital split right ear lobe Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Congenital malformation of bilateral external ears (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
Congenital malformation of bilateral external ears (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Congenital atresia of bilateral external ears (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
Congenital atresia of bilateral external ears (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of craniofacial dysmorphism (brachycephaly resulting from craniosynostosis, frontal bossing, downslanting palpebral fissures, large and low-set ears, depressed nasal bridge, high-arched, wide palate, thin upper lip), impaired neurological development with intellectual disability, hypotonia, pyloric stenosis, pectus excavatum, bilateral cryptorchidism and short stature. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis disorder with characteristics of craniofacial dysmorphism (including brachycephaly, prominent forehead, sparse lateral eyebrows, severe hypertelorism, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, protruding ears, broad nasal bridge, pointed nasal tip, flat philtrum, anteverted nostrils, large mouth, thin upper vermilion border, highly arched palate and mild micrognathia) associated with osteopenia leading to repeated long bone fractures, severe myopia, mild to moderate sensorineural or mixed hearing loss, enamel hypoplasia, sloping shoulders and mild intellectual disability. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous mutation in the IRX5 gene on chromosome 16q11.2. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis disorder with characteristics of craniofacial dysmorphism (including brachycephaly, prominent forehead, sparse lateral eyebrows, severe hypertelorism, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, protruding ears, broad nasal bridge, pointed nasal tip, flat philtrum, anteverted nostrils, large mouth, thin upper vermilion border, highly arched palate and mild micrognathia) associated with osteopenia leading to repeated long bone fractures, severe myopia, mild to moderate sensorineural or mixed hearing loss, enamel hypoplasia, sloping shoulders and mild intellectual disability. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous mutation in the IRX5 gene on chromosome 16q11.2. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of male, 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis, cleft palate, micrognathia, conotruncal heart defects and unspecific skeletal, brain and kidney anomalies. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of male, 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis, cleft palate, micrognathia, conotruncal heart defects and unspecific skeletal, brain and kidney anomalies. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of male, 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis, cleft palate, micrognathia, conotruncal heart defects and unspecific skeletal, brain and kidney anomalies. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of dysmorphic facial features including high forehead, elongated and flattened midface, arched and sparse eyebrows, short palpebral fissures, telecanthus, long nose with hypoplastic nostrils, long philtrum, high and narrow palate and microstomia with downturned corners. Ears are characteristically malformed, large, low-set and posteriorly rotated and nasal speech is associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of dysmorphic facial features including high forehead, elongated and flattened midface, arched and sparse eyebrows, short palpebral fissures, telecanthus, long nose with hypoplastic nostrils, long philtrum, high and narrow palate and microstomia with downturned corners. Ears are characteristically malformed, large, low-set and posteriorly rotated and nasal speech is associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of dysmorphic facial features including high forehead, elongated and flattened midface, arched and sparse eyebrows, short palpebral fissures, telecanthus, long nose with hypoplastic nostrils, long philtrum, high and narrow palate and microstomia with downturned corners. Ears are characteristically malformed, large, low-set and posteriorly rotated and nasal speech is associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare developmental defect of the eye with characteristics of bilateral microcornea, posterior megalolenticonus, persistent fetal vasculature (extending from the posterior pole of the lens to the optic disc) and posterior chorioretinal coloboma. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare developmental defect of the eye with characteristics of bilateral microcornea, posterior megalolenticonus, persistent fetal vasculature (extending from the posterior pole of the lens to the optic disc) and posterior chorioretinal coloboma. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare developmental defect of the eye with characteristics of bilateral microcornea, posterior megalolenticonus, persistent fetal vasculature (extending from the posterior pole of the lens to the optic disc) and posterior chorioretinal coloboma. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
Congenital split left ear lobe Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic primary bone dysplasia disorder with characteristics of severe pre and post-natal short stature, facial dysmorphism (including dolicocephaly, long triangular face, tall forehead, down-slanting palpebral fissures, prominent nose, long philtrum, small ears) early-onset or postpubertal sparse, short hair and hypoplastic fingernails. Small hands with tapering fingers, brachydactyly and fifth-finger clinodactyly as well as a high-pitched voice are also associated. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous mutation in the POC1A gene on chromosome 3p21. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare genetic primary bone dysplasia disorder with characteristics of severe pre and post-natal short stature, facial dysmorphism (including dolicocephaly, long triangular face, tall forehead, down-slanting palpebral fissures, prominent nose, long philtrum, small ears) early-onset or postpubertal sparse, short hair and hypoplastic fingernails. Small hands with tapering fingers, brachydactyly and fifth-finger clinodactyly as well as a high-pitched voice are also associated. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous mutation in the POC1A gene on chromosome 3p21. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 4
A rare genetic primary bone dysplasia disorder with characteristics of severe pre and post-natal short stature, facial dysmorphism (including dolicocephaly, long triangular face, tall forehead, down-slanting palpebral fissures, prominent nose, long philtrum, small ears) early-onset or postpubertal sparse, short hair and hypoplastic fingernails. Small hands with tapering fingers, brachydactyly and fifth-finger clinodactyly as well as a high-pitched voice are also associated. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous mutation in the POC1A gene on chromosome 3p21. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic primary bone dysplasia disorder with characteristics of severe pre and post-natal short stature, facial dysmorphism (including dolicocephaly, long triangular face, tall forehead, down-slanting palpebral fissures, prominent nose, long philtrum, small ears) early-onset or postpubertal sparse, short hair and hypoplastic fingernails. Small hands with tapering fingers, brachydactyly and fifth-finger clinodactyly as well as a high-pitched voice are also associated. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous mutation in the POC1A gene on chromosome 3p21. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
An extremely rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of micrognathia, short webbed neck, hypoplastic nipples and joint contractures (which improve over time) of the knees and elbows. In addition, sloping shoulders, mild to moderate hearing loss, mild speech impairment and facies with hypertelorism, short philtrum and tented upper lip may be associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
An extremely rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of micrognathia, short webbed neck, hypoplastic nipples and joint contractures (which improve over time) of the knees and elbows. In addition, sloping shoulders, mild to moderate hearing loss, mild speech impairment and facies with hypertelorism, short philtrum and tented upper lip may be associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 4
An extremely rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of micrognathia, short webbed neck, hypoplastic nipples and joint contractures (which improve over time) of the knees and elbows. In addition, sloping shoulders, mild to moderate hearing loss, mild speech impairment and facies with hypertelorism, short philtrum and tented upper lip may be associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare idiopathic skin disease with characteristics of widespread, congenital, superficial erosions and vesicles (often involving more than 75% of the body) which heal leaving scars with a supple, symmetrical, reticulated pattern, frequently resulting in cicatricial alopecia and hyperthermia and/or hypohidrosis. Nail anomalies, neurodevelopmental and ophthalmologic abnormalities, tongue atrophy and preterm birth, with or without history of chorioamnionitis, are commonly associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare idiopathic skin disease with characteristics of widespread, congenital, superficial erosions and vesicles (often involving more than 75% of the body) which heal leaving scars with a supple, symmetrical, reticulated pattern, frequently resulting in cicatricial alopecia and hyperthermia and/or hypohidrosis. Nail anomalies, neurodevelopmental and ophthalmologic abnormalities, tongue atrophy and preterm birth, with or without history of chorioamnionitis, are commonly associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare junctional epidermolysis bullosa subtype characterized by late-onset blistering surrounded by erythema and localized on the anterior aspect of the lower legs, associated with dystrophic toenails, tooth enamel defects and mild to severe intellectual disability. Lens subluxation and mild facial dysmorphism (with short midface, prognathism and thin upper lip vermilion) are additional reported features. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare junctional epidermolysis bullosa subtype characterized by late-onset blistering surrounded by erythema and localized on the anterior aspect of the lower legs, associated with dystrophic toenails, tooth enamel defects and mild to severe intellectual disability. Lens subluxation and mild facial dysmorphism (with short midface, prognathism and thin upper lip vermilion) are additional reported features. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare genetic central nervous system malformation syndrome characterized by bilateral congenital cataracts and severe hemorrhagic destruction of the brain parenchyma with associated massive cystic degeneration, enlarged ventricles and subependymal calcification. Patients typically present generalized spasticity, increased deep tendon reflexes and seizures. Hepatomegaly and renal anomalies have also been reported. Caused by homozygous mutation in the JAM3 gene on chromosome 11q25. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare genetic central nervous system malformation syndrome characterized by bilateral congenital cataracts and severe hemorrhagic destruction of the brain parenchyma with associated massive cystic degeneration, enlarged ventricles and subependymal calcification. Patients typically present generalized spasticity, increased deep tendon reflexes and seizures. Hepatomegaly and renal anomalies have also been reported. Caused by homozygous mutation in the JAM3 gene on chromosome 11q25. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic central nervous system malformation syndrome characterized by bilateral congenital cataracts and severe hemorrhagic destruction of the brain parenchyma with associated massive cystic degeneration, enlarged ventricles and subependymal calcification. Patients typically present generalized spasticity, increased deep tendon reflexes and seizures. Hepatomegaly and renal anomalies have also been reported. Caused by homozygous mutation in the JAM3 gene on chromosome 11q25. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare genetic primary bone dysplasia with characteristics of disproportionate short stature with short, stiff neck and trunk and relatively long limbs, fingers and toes (which may present flexion contractures), severe vertebral body ossification delay, markedly enlarged round epiphyses of the long bones, absent ossification of pubic bones and multiple pseudoepiphyses of the short tubular bones in hands and feet. Neurological manifestations resulting from cervical spine instability may be observed. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous inactivating mutations in the NKX3-2 gene on chromosome 4p15. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Pitt Hopkins-like syndrome Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
An extremely rare genetic congenital joint formation defect disorder with characteristics of unilateral or bilateral fusion of the humerus, radius and ulnar bones, leading to loss of elbow motion and in most, functional arm incapacity. It may appear as distal humeral bifurcation with absent elbow joint and shortened arm length on imaging. Hand abnormalities namely oligo-ectrosyndactyly may be associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
An extremely rare genetic congenital joint formation defect disorder with characteristics of unilateral or bilateral fusion of the humerus, radius and ulnar bones, leading to loss of elbow motion and in most, functional arm incapacity. It may appear as distal humeral bifurcation with absent elbow joint and shortened arm length on imaging. Hand abnormalities namely oligo-ectrosyndactyly may be associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
An extremely rare genetic congenital joint formation defect disorder with characteristics of unilateral or bilateral fusion of the humerus, radius and ulnar bones, leading to loss of elbow motion and in most, functional arm incapacity. It may appear as distal humeral bifurcation with absent elbow joint and shortened arm length on imaging. Hand abnormalities namely oligo-ectrosyndactyly may be associated. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare severe genetic autoinflammatory syndrome characterised by usually neonatal onset of generalised neutrophilic cutaneous pustulosis and severe recurrent multifocal aseptic osteomyelitis with marked periostitis, typically affecting distal ribs, long bones and vertebral bodies. High levels of acute-phase reactants (with no fever associated) and onychosis are frequently observed additional features. Caused by homozygous mutation in the IL1RN gene on chromosome 2q14. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare congenital limb malformation syndrome with characteristics of facial dysmorphism (high forehead, depressed nasal bridge, long philtrum, flat malar region, high arched palate), short stature and deformities of the hands and feet (small hands/feet, flexion contractures of the first three metacarpophalangeal joints, extension contractures of the thumbs at the interphalangeal joints, clawed toes, mild pes cavus). Additional features include neonatal hypotonia, thin and shiny skin of the hands/feet, ridged nails, dry and coarse hair, mild weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscles and occasional ventricular extrasystoles. Intellectual disability may be present. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1970. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare congenital limb malformation syndrome with characteristics of facial dysmorphism (high forehead, depressed nasal bridge, long philtrum, flat malar region, high arched palate), short stature and deformities of the hands and feet (small hands/feet, flexion contractures of the first three metacarpophalangeal joints, extension contractures of the thumbs at the interphalangeal joints, clawed toes, mild pes cavus). Additional features include neonatal hypotonia, thin and shiny skin of the hands/feet, ridged nails, dry and coarse hair, mild weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscles and occasional ventricular extrasystoles. Intellectual disability may be present. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1970. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of cerebellar-like ataxia, photosensitivity (mainly of the face and trunk), short stature and intellectual disability. Additional features include clinodactyly, single palmar transverse crease, high-arched palate, pseudohypertrophy of the calves and aortic valve lesions. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1983. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
An extremely rare developmental defect during embryogenesis malformation syndrome with characteristics of bands of extensile tissue connecting the margins of the upper and lower eyelids in association with anal atresia. Patients may additionally present cleft palate, hydrocephalus and meningomyelocele. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
An extremely rare developmental defect during embryogenesis malformation syndrome with characteristics of bands of extensile tissue connecting the margins of the upper and lower eyelids in association with anal atresia. Patients may additionally present cleft palate, hydrocephalus and meningomyelocele. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
Congenital malformation of bilateral ears (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
Congenital malformation of bilateral ears (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Accessory bilateral tarsal navicular bones (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
Accessory bilateral tarsal navicular bones (disorder) Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis with characteristics of ventral, unilateral or bilateral protrusion of extraperitoneal fat, peritoneum and/or intra-abdominal organs through a defect in the spigelian fascia (spigelian hernia), associated with ipsilateral or bilateral undescended testis (usually found within or just beneath the hernial sac) in male neonates. The gubernaculum and/or inguinal canal may be absent. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis with characteristics of ventral, unilateral or bilateral protrusion of extraperitoneal fat, peritoneum and/or intra-abdominal organs through a defect in the spigelian fascia (spigelian hernia), associated with ipsilateral or bilateral undescended testis (usually found within or just beneath the hernial sac) in male neonates. The gubernaculum and/or inguinal canal may be absent. Pathological process (attribute) False Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis with characteristics of ventral, unilateral or bilateral protrusion of extraperitoneal fat, peritoneum and/or intra-abdominal organs through a defect in the spigelian fascia (spigelian hernia), associated with ipsilateral or bilateral undescended testis (usually found within or just beneath the hernial sac) in male neonates. The gubernaculum and/or inguinal canal may be absent. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare genetic orofacial clefting malformation syndrome with characteristics of severe frontonasal dysplasia with complete cleft palate, facial cleft, extreme microphthalmia and hypertelorism. Frequently associated with eyelid colobomata, sparse or absent eyelashes/eyebrows, wide nasal bridge with hypoplastic alae nasi, low-set, posteriorly rotated ears and caudal appendage in the sacral region. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous mutation in the ALX1 gene on chromosome 12q21. Pathological process (attribute) True Pathological developmental process Inferred relationship Some 1

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